I think this issue will express itself with any Software Instrument, but I'm working with Vienna Ensemble Pro on Logic 10.7.2. This behavior also appeared in Logic 10.6.2.
I see the following when using an Articulation Set of four IDs, set to output Programs 1 to 4 respectively:
With the dimension in VE set to "Prg 1," meaning the top slot will be chosen when it receives a program 1 message, the second to Prg 2, then Prg 3 and 4 for the third and fourth slot, attempt the following:
Highlight the first slot in VE.
Set the live articulation (using the drop-downs in either the plug-in window or Piano Roll) to the second ID, which outputs a program 2 message.
Play the keyboard. The second slot is not selected. There is no response to the program message that should be attached to live performance notes from Logic to VE Pro.
Now, *record* with that same second live articulation ID -- and play it back. The recorded MIDI responds to the correct ID, the program 2 message seems to be sent, and the second slot is chosen and plays back.
Simply put, Art ID messages set to output program numbers do not trigger the correct playback live, but once recorded, they work as intended.
In my hour or so of testing, I can only reproduce this behavior when the Art ID outputs program messages. If I set both the Art ID set and VE dimension to send and receive a specific CC message, they perform both live and recorded as intended.
If anyone has both VE Pro and Logic 10.7.2, I'd welcome confirmation. I'll be cross-posting at Logic Pro Help.