@PaoloT said:
If I’m not wrong, the recent trend in orchestral music is to stay low even in the final mix. The recommended suggestion is to stay between -18 and -14 LUFS, that are very low, if accustomed to a long time of loudness wars.
My preference is to keep each channel low, to avoid overloading the final mix in a crowded orchestration. And temporarily use a gain plugin in the master channel to increase the final level. Or simply increase the master volume, to let the amplifier work at full capacity.
If you want a stronger final mix, you should be able to increase its volume in the very end, either on the master channel, or on the bounced file.
Paolo
Hmmm... I'm not sure how to interpret your meaning about your recommendation.
When you say "stay between" and show a LUFS range of 4dB, are you referring to a MAX volume for the master channel? (i.e. full mix peak should aim for between -14 to -18 LUFs?) What are your individual channel targets?
I am thinking that the question here is not related so much to final mixdown, however, but to recording levels and/or channel output levels. Most users are looking at Peak Meters for their intended volume targets per channel, which has little relationship to LUFS for final mastered streaming.
So, for recording and initial channel levels of individual sounds (as opposed to a mix) are LUFS even relevant? I'm thinking that it makes more sense to use standard recording levels (RMS around -18dB, with peaks -6 to -12dBFS). Then you have enough channel headroom to mix.
What's surprising to many of us is simply how low the Synchron Strings are coming out of the box. I'm working on a template, and have spent time optimizing my Kontakt libraries for Albion and CSS. In general, I'm adjusting them from the -6dB Kontakt default to 0 to -4, depending on the instrument. I have the louds topping at -12dBFS via peak meters. Meanwhile, Synchron String 1 comes out about 12dB below this, around -24dB at defaults, per channel. And Synchron Pro Strings and Elite Strings are coming out in the -30 to -34dB range (another 6-10dB lower)! This is the issue being addressed. Brings up lots of questions, namely:
1. Why are Synchron sounds in general SO MUCH LOWER? And 2. Why are the libraries not volume matched?
Regarding the Loudness Wars, Bob Katz is famous for his K12, K14, K20 monitor reference system where orchestral music has more dynamic range and is recommended for MONITORS to be set to -20dB (K20) to allow for larger dynamic contrasts than for commercial or broadcast music. But, these are monitoring calibration standards. This is similar to recognizing that digital systems (DAWs) set the former analog 0dB at -18dBFS (with no digital headroom above 0; whereas analog systems tended to have still 18-24dB headroom above). "Loudness wars" has to do with super low dynamic range (i.e. 4-6) -- everything FF all the time); rather than classical music which ranges from pp to FF and requires much larger dynamic range (i.e. 20dB).
The LUFS system has largely replaced Katz' system (even for Katz to my understanding) as it has broader usage. This is partly based on sending out to streaming services (i.e. AppleMusic, Spotify, YouTube) which tend to center at or near -14LUFS. Again the commonality is one's intended DYNAMIC RANGE. So, this means setting metering to -14LUFS and then peaking at just below 0dBFS. (Or via -14LUFS metering, which is more akin to RMS than to peak metering). Additionally, I'm reading that LUFS corresponds better to how we hear musical frequencies than does simple peak metering.